
Children’s spines are constantly developing and adapting throughout childhood and adolescence. This remarkable adaptability is wonderful for growth and learning new movement skills, but it also means young spines are vulnerable to the stresses of modern life. Heavy school bags, excessive screen time, and prolonged sitting can challenge even the most resilient developing backs.
The good news: Children’s bodies respond positively to change. Even small, consistent improvements in daily habits can make a significant difference in supporting healthy spinal development and preventing problems that could impair quality of life.
At Adam’s Back, we understand that childhood is a critical window for establishing healthy posture and movement patterns. The habits formed during these years often persist into adulthood, affecting long-term musculoskeletal health, comfort, and function. As parents and caregivers, you have the power to set your children up for a lifetime of healthy movement.
Understanding Children’s Developing Spines
Before we explore specific challenges and solutions, it’s helpful to understand what makes children’s spines unique.
The Growing Spine: A Work in Progress
Continuous Development:
A child’s spine undergoes dramatic changes from birth through late adolescence. The vertebrae don’t fully ossify (harden from cartilage to bone) until the mid-twenties, with growth plates remaining active through the teenage years. This ongoing development means the spine is moldable—both positively and negatively—during childhood. [1, 2]
Natural Curves Emerging:
Babies are born with a C-shaped spine. The natural curves we see in healthy adult spines develop gradually:
- Cervical lordosis (neck curve): develops as babies learn to lift their heads (around 3-4 months)
- Lumbar lordosis (lower back curve): develops as children learn to sit and stand (around 12-18 months)
- These curves continue refining through childhood and adolescence [3]
Rapid Growth Periods:
Children experience growth spurts during which the spine lengthens quickly. Children are especially vulnerable to postural stress and conditions like scoliosis during these periods, particularly around ages 6-8 and during puberty. [4]
Skeletal Immaturity:
Young bones and supporting structures (ligaments, tendons, muscles) are less developed than adult tissues. While this flexibility is beneficial for learning movement, it also means less structural stability to resist poor postural habits. [5]
Why Posture Matters for Growing Bodies.
Foundation for Lifelong Habits:
The movement and postural patterns established in childhood tend to persist throughout life. A child who develops forward head posture and rounded shoulders is likely to carry these patterns into adulthood unless actively corrected. [6]
Musculoskeletal Development:
Posture influences the development of muscles, bones, and joints. Consistent poor posture can lead to:
- Muscle imbalances (some muscles becoming tight, others weak)
- Altered joint mechanics
- Abnormal stress on growth plates
- Potential effects on spinal curve development [7, 8]
Pain and Discomfort:
While children are often more resilient than adults, poor posture can still cause pain, stiffness, and discomfort. Studies show increasing rates of neck and back pain in children and adolescents, often linked to postural factors. [9, 10]
Performance and Function:
Posture affects breathing efficiency, energy levels, concentration, and physical performance. Good posture supports optimal function across all activities, from schoolwork to sports. [11]
The Screen Slump: Understanding Tech Neck
Screens are an unavoidable part of modern childhood—from educational tools to entertainment and social connection. However, the way children use these devices significantly affects their spinal health.
What Is “Tech Neck”?
“Tech neck” refers to the forward head posture and associated problems that result from prolonged screen use. When looking down at a phone, tablet, or slouching toward a computer screen:
The head moves forward:
The average adult head weighs about 5kg, but a child’s head represents a larger proportion of their body weight. When the head moves forward from its balanced position over the shoulders, the effective weight on the neck and upper spine increases dramatically.
Research shows that:
- Neutral position: ~5kg of force on the neck
- 15-degree forward tilt: ~12kg of force
- 30-degree forward tilt: ~18kg of force
- 45-degree forward tilt: ~22kg of force
- 60-degree forward tilt: ~27kg of force [12]
Children using handheld devices often hold their heads at 45-60 degree angles for extended periods, subjecting developing spines to forces equivalent to carrying an extra 20+ kilograms on their necks!
Shoulders round forward:
Reaching toward screens encourages rounded shoulders and a slouched upper back (thoracic kyphosis). This position stretches and weakens upper back muscles while tightening chest muscles, creating muscular imbalances.
The consequences accumulate:
While occasional poor posture isn’t catastrophic, the problem is duration and repetition. Many children and teenagers spend multiple hours daily in these positions, day after day, year after year, during critical periods of spinal development.
The Effects of Prolonged Screen Posture
Muscle Fatigue and Strain:
Holding the head forward requires constant muscle work to prevent it from dropping further. The neck and upper back muscles fatigue, leading to tension, soreness, and discomfort. [13]
Increased Spinal Stress:
The excessive forces on the cervical spine (neck) and upper thoracic spine (upper back) create abnormal stress on vertebrae, intervertebral discs, joints, and supporting ligaments. Over time, this can contribute to degenerative changes. [14]
Neck and Upper Back Pain:
Research shows increasing rates of neck and upper back pain in children and adolescents, strongly correlated with screen time duration. [15, 16]
Headaches:
Muscle tension in the neck and upper shoulders commonly refers pain to the head, causing tension-type headaches. [17]
Reduced Range of Motion:
Chronic forward head posture can lead to stiffness and reduced ability to move the neck through its full range of motion.
Setting Up for Success: Screen Ergonomics
While limiting total screen time is ideal, when children use devices, proper setup dramatically reduces postural stress.
Position screens at eye level:
Make sure your child looks straight ahead with their head balanced over their shoulders, not tilted forward or down, by positioning the screen properly when using a computer, tablet, or phone.
For computers:
- The monitor should be at arm’s length away
- Top of the screen at or slightly below eye level
- Consider a monitor stand or adjustable desk to achieve proper height
For tablets and phones:
- Use a stand or case that props the device at eye level
- Hold devices higher rather than looking down into the lap
- For longer sessions, use a separate keyboard so that the device can be elevated
Proper Desk and Chair Setup:
Chair height:
- Feet should rest flat on the floor (or on a footrest)
- Hips, knees, and ankles should all be at approximately 90-degree angles
- Thighs should be parallel to the floor or angled slightly downward
Desk height:
- Elbows should be at approximately 90 degrees when hands are on the keyboard/desk
- Shoulders should be relaxed, not hunched up or reaching forward
Chair support:
- The lower back should contact the chair back for support
- Consider a small cushion or rolled towel for lumbar support if needed
Encourage Regular Movement Breaks:
The body was not designed to stay still for long periods. Even with a perfect ergonomic setup, staying in one position for extended periods creates stiffness and fatigue.
The 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, take 20 seconds to look at something 20 feet away. This gives the eyes and neck muscles a break.
Movement breaks: Every 30-60 minutes, encourage children to:
- Stand up and stretch
- Walk around for 2-5 minutes
- Do simple movements (shoulder rolls, gentle neck stretches, reaching overhead)
- Change positions
Make it fun:
- Set a timer with a silly sound
- Create a “movement break” chart with different activities
- Do movement breaks together as a family
- Turn it into a game (Simon Says with stretches, freeze dance, etc.)
The Backpack Burden: Supporting Developing Spines
School bags are a daily necessity, but improper backpack use is a significant contributor to childhood postural problems and pain.
The Weight Problem
Recommended Guidelines:
Health and safety organisations recommend children carry only 10-15% of their body weight in a backpack. For example:
- A 30kg child should carry only 3-4.5kg
- A 50kg teenager should carry only 5-7.5kg [18, 19]
However, research consistently shows that many students carry backpacks weighing 15-20% or more of their body weight, particularly in middle and high school years. [20]
Why Excess Weight Matters:
Postural Changes:
Heavy backpacks cause children to lean forward to counterbalance the weight. This forward lean:
- Increases stress on the lower back
- Rounds the shoulders forward
- Pushes the head forward
- Can cause the child to arch their lower back excessively [21]
Musculoskeletal Strain:
Excessive weight places a strain on:
- The spine (particularly the lower back)
- Shoulders (where straps dig in)
- Hips (which work to maintain balance)
- Neck (which adjusts to keep eyes level)
Pain and Discomfort:
Studies show a clear correlation between backpack weight and reports of back, shoulder, and neck pain in children and adolescents. [22, 23]
Potential for Injury:
Beyond chronic strain, heavy or improperly worn backpacks can contribute to acute injuries from:
- Tripping or falling (because of altered balance)
- Sudden movements while wearing the pack
- Taking the pack on and off awkwardly
Choosing the Right Backpack
Backpacks are not all created equal. Selecting an appropriate backpack can significantly reduce postural stress.
Wide, padded shoulder straps:
- Narrow straps dig into shoulders, causing pain and concentrating pressure
- Wide, padded straps distribute weight more evenly across the shoulders
- Look for straps at least 5cm (2 inches) wide with substantial padding
Wear both straps—always:
This is perhaps the most important behavioural factor. Wearing a backpack over one shoulder:
- Creates severe asymmetrical loading on the spine
- Forces the body to lean to one side to compensate
- Elevates one shoulder while the other drops
- Twists the spine and pelvis
- Can lead to muscular imbalances and scoliosis-like postural adaptations [24]
You should always wear even a lightweight pack on both shoulders.
Waist/hip strap:
Many quality backpacks include a waist or hip strap. This feature:
- Transfers some weight from the shoulders to the hips and pelvis
- Stabilises the pack, preventing it from swinging and shifting
- Keeps the pack closer to the body’s centre of gravity
- Significantly reduces shoulder and upper back strain [25]
Encourage children to use this strap, especially when carrying heavier loads.
Appropriate Size:
The backpack should fit the child, not overwhelm them:
- The bottom of the pack should rest in the curve of the lower back
- The top of the pack should not extend above the shoulders
- The pack should not be wider than the child’s torso
- Straps should be adjustable to fit properly
Multiple Compartments:
Packs with multiple compartments allow for better weight distribution:
- Pack heavier items closest to the back/spine.
- This keeps the centre of gravity closer to the body
- Lighter items can go in the outer compartments
- Helps prevent items from shifting during movement
Smart Packing Strategies
Even the perfect backpack won’t help if it’s poorly packed and overfilled.
Pack only what is necessary:
Daily audit:
- Go through the backpack regularly (weekly or daily)
- Remove items that aren’t needed that day
- Keep only current books/materials, not the entire semester’s work
- Remove old papers, trash, and forgotten items
- Consider leaving some items in a school locker if available
Heavier Items Closest to the Back:
Weight distribution matters significantly:
- Pack books and the heaviest items against the back panel.
- This keeps weight close to the spine and the body’s centre of gravity
- Medium-weight items in the middle
- Light items (lunch, pencil case) in outer compartments
Use Both Sides:
Distribute weight evenly between the left and the right sides of the pack to prevent lateral imbalance.
Consider Alternatives:
Rolling backpacks: For younger children or those with particular concerns, rolling backpacks eliminate the burden of carrying weight entirely. However, consider:
- Stairs and uneven terrain make rolling difficult
- Some schools don’t permit rolling bags because of tripping hazards
- They can be bulky and hard to manage in crowded hallways
Digital alternatives:
- E-readers and tablets can replace heavy textbooks
- Check if the school provides digital versions of texts
- Cloud storage and laptops can reduce paper carrying
Locker strategy:
- If lockers are available, use them strategically
- Keep books for afternoon classes in the locker during the morning
- Swap materials during lunch or mid-day break
Sleep Position Matters: Supporting the Spine at Night
Young children and teenagers spend many hours sleeping—typically 9-11 hours for school-age children and 8-10 hours for teenagers. This extended time in one position has a significant impact on spinal health.
Why Sleep Position Affects the Spine
During sleep, the body should be able to:
- Relax muscular tension
- Allow spinal structures to decompress and recover
- Maintain natural spinal alignment
- Avoid unnecessary strain on any area [26]
Poor sleep positions can:
- Place abnormal stress on the neck, upper back, or lower back
- Twist the spine
- Compress joints and nerves
- Lead to morning stiffness and pain
- Counteract the positive postural habits practiced during waking hours
Best Sleep Positions for Growing Spines
Back Sleeping:
Generally considered the optimal position for spinal health.
Benefits:
- Maintains natural spinal curves
- Distributes weight evenly
- Keeps head, neck, and spine aligned
- Reduces pressure points
- Minimises twisting or lateral bending
Pillow support:
- Use a pillow that supports the natural curve of the neck
- Avoid propping the head too high as it pushes the chin toward the chest.
- The head should not be too flat (which allows the head to tilt back)
- A pillow under the knees can help maintain the natural lumbar curve and reduce lower back stress
Side Sleeping:
The second-best option and preferred by many children.
Benefits:
- Maintains relatively good spinal alignment when done correctly
- Can reduce snoring
- Comfortable for many people
Proper technique:
- The pillow should be thick enough to keep the head and neck aligned with the spine (the head shouldn’t tilt down toward the mattress or tilt up away from it)
- A pillow between the knees helps keep the hips, pelvis, and spine aligned
- Knees should be bent slightly
- Try to keep the spine relatively straight, not curled into a tight ball
Front/Stomach Sleeping (Not Recommended):
This is the least spine-friendly position.
Problems:
- Forces the head to turn significantly to one side to breathe
- This twists the neck for extended periods
- Flattens the natural lumbar curve
- Can place stress on the lower back
- Difficult to maintain neutral spinal alignment [27]
If your child is a stomach sleeper:
- Gently encourage transitioning to back or side sleeping
- Try placing a pillow under the pelvis and/or stomach to reduce lumbar stress
- Use a very thin pillow or no pillow under the head to minimize neck rotation
- Be patient—sleep position habits are hard to change, especially in children
Choosing the Right Pillow
The pillow is crucial for maintaining proper neck and head alignment during sleep.
Maintain the Neck’s Natural Curve:
The cervical spine (neck) has a natural forward curve (lordosis). The pillow should support this curve, not flatten it or exaggerate it.
For back sleepers:
- Medium-height pillow
- Should fill the space between the mattress and the neck
- The head should be in a neutral position (not tilted up or down)
For side sleepers:
- Higher/thicker pillow
- Should fill the space between the shoulder and head
- Head and neck should be level with the spine (not tilted down toward the mattress or up away from it)
Replace When Necessary:
Pillows lose shape and support over time. Replace when:
- The pillow doesn’t spring back when folded in half
- It’s visibly flat or lumpy
- Your child wakes with neck pain or stiffness
- Generally every 1-2 years depending on quality
Consider the Material:
Different pillow types work for different children:
- Memory foam: conforms to head/neck, provides consistent support
- Latex: resilient, supportive, hypoallergenic
- Down/feathers: soft, moldable, but may need fluffing to maintain shape
- Synthetic fill: affordable, hypoallergenic, but may flatten quickly
Let your child try different options to find what’s comfortable while maintaining proper alignment.
Movement: The Main Ingredient for Healthy Development
Perhaps the most crucial factor for supporting healthy spinal development is one that’s increasingly neglected in modern childhood: regular, varied movement.
Why Movement Matters for Growing Bodies.
Musculoskeletal Development:
Movement is essential for:
Strong muscles:
- Muscles develop strength and endurance through use
- Weak muscles can’t adequately support the spine and maintain good posture
- Core strength is important for spinal support [28]
Healthy bones:
- Weight-bearing and impact activities stimulate bone growth and density
- Active children develop stronger, denser bones than sedentary peers
- This bone development during childhood affects lifelong bone health [29, 30]
Joint health:
- Movement nourishes joint cartilage through compression and decompression
- Varied movements ensure joints develop full range of motion
- Movement prevents joints from becoming stiff or restricted [31]
Motor Development and Coordination:
Movement skills: Children need to learn fundamental movement patterns:
- Crawling, walking, running, jumping, climbing
- Throwing, catching, kicking
- Balancing, rotating, changing direction
These skills form the foundation for more complex movements and sports later.
Proprioception and body awareness: Movement helps children develop a sense of where their body is in space and how to control it effectively. This body awareness supports better posture and movement quality. [32]
Coordination: Varied physical activity develops coordination between different body parts, improving overall movement efficiency and reducing injury risk.
Countering Sedentary Time:
The modern childhood environment often involves extended sitting:
- School (6-8 hours of primarily sitting)
- Homework
- Screen time (TV, games, social media)
- Car rides
The consequences of excessive sitting:
Research shows that prolonged sitting, particularly during childhood, contributes to:
- Weak postural muscles
- Tight hip flexors and hamstrings
- Reduced spinal mobility
- Poor posture habits
- Increased pain complaints [33, 34]
Regular movement breaks up this sedentary time, preventing many of these negative effects.
Overall Health Benefits:
Beyond musculoskeletal benefits, regular physical activity supports:
- Cardiovascular health
- Healthy weight management
- Improved sleep quality
- Better concentration and academic performance
- Mental health and emotional regulation
- Social development through group activities [35, 36]
What Counts as Beneficial Movement?
Children don’t need structured exercise programs or gym memberships. The aim is for them to move in diverse and fun ways all day.
Unstructured Play:
Free play is incredibly valuable:
- Playground time (climbing, swinging, sliding)
- Outdoor exploration
- Tag, hide-and-seek, and other running games
- Building forts, climbing trees
- Imaginative play that involves movement
This type of play naturally incorporates varied movements, develops creativity, and is intrinsically motivating.
Organised Sports:
Team sports and individual activities provide structure and skill development:
- Soccer, basketball, netball, football
- Swimming, gymnastics, martial arts
- Tennis, dance, athletics
- Any activity the child enjoys!
The social component of team sports also supports emotional development and provides motivation through connection with peers.
Active Recreation:
Family activities that incorporate movement:
- Hiking, bush walking
- Bike riding
- Beach activities (swimming, beach games, exploring rock pools)
- Skateboarding, rollerblading
- Backyard games (cricket, frisbee, ball games)
Daily Movement:
Incorporate activity into routine:
- Walking or biking to school when possible
- Taking the stairs instead of the elevator
- Helping with active chores (vacuuming, gardening, walking the dog)
- Dancing to music
- Active video games (in moderation)
How Much Movement Do Children Need?
Physical Activity Guidelines:
Health organisations recommend:
Ages 5-17:
- At least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily
- Should include vigorous activities at least 3 days per week
- Should include muscle-strengthening activities at least 3 days per week
- Should include bone-strengthening activities at least 3 days per week [37, 38]
What this looks like:
- 60 minutes doesn’t have to be continuous—shorter bouts throughout the day count
- Moderate activity: brisk walking, bike riding, active play
- Vigorous activity: running, sports, swimming laps
- Muscle-strengthening: climbing, push-ups, gymnastics
- Bone-strengthening: jumping, running, sports with impact
Variety Is Key:
Rather than focusing on one activity, encourage diverse movement:
- Develops different muscle groups
- Prevents overuse injuries
- Maintains interest and motivation
- Develops well-rounded physical capabilities
When to Seek Professional Guidance
While the strategies discussed can address many postural concerns, some situations need professional evaluation.
Red Flags That Indicate Assessment Is Needed
Persistent Pain or Discomfort:
If your child regularly complains of:
- Neck pain
- Back pain (upper, middle, or lower)
- Shoulder pain
- Headaches (particularly if related to neck tension)
Pain that persists despite addressing obvious factors (reducing backpack weight, improving ergonomics, etc.) should be evaluated.
Visible Postural Asymmetry:
- One shoulder noticeably higher than the other
- Obvious spinal curvature when viewed from behind
- Head that habitually tilts to one side
- Pelvis that appears tilted or rotated
- Limping or altered walking [39]
Limited Range of Motion:
- Difficulty turning head fully in both directions
- Stiffness that doesn’t improve with stretching
- Inability to stand or sit upright comfortably
- Restricted movement in the spine or shoulders
Rapid Postural Changes:
Any sudden change in posture or movement patterns, particularly:
- During growth spurts
- After an injury
- Accompanying other symptoms (pain, numbness, weakness)
Impact on Daily Function:
If postural concerns or discomfort affect:
- Sleep quality
- Academic performance or concentration
- Participation in sports or activities
- Mood or emotional wellbeing
What Professional Assessment Involves
At Adam’s Back, our approach to evaluating children’s posture and spinal health includes:
Comprehensive Postural Analysis:
We observe:
- Static posture (how your child stands and sits)
- Dynamic posture (how they move)
- Symmetry and alignment
- Spinal curves
- Muscle development and balance
Movement Assessment:
We evaluate:
- Range of motion in the spine, neck, and related joints
- Movement quality and coordination
- Flexibility and muscle length
- Strength and stability
- Functional movements relevant to daily activities
History and Lifestyle Review:
Understanding:
- Pain patterns or complaints
- Daily habits (screen time, backpack use, sleep position)
- Activity levels and types of movement
- Growth and developmental history
- Any previous injuries
Individualized Recommendations:
Based on assessment findings, we provide:
- Specific postural corrections
- Ergonomic adjustments for home and school environments
- Exercises targeting identified weaknesses or imbalances
- Activity recommendations
- Education for both children and parents
Chiropractic Care When Appropriate:
For children with joint restrictions, muscular tension, or spinal dysfunction:
- Gentle, age-appropriate chiropractic adjustments
- Soft tissue therapy
- Rehabilitation exercises
- Ongoing support as the child grows and develops
The Importance of Early Intervention
Addressing postural concerns during childhood offers significant advantages:
Greater Responsiveness:
Young bodies adapt and change more readily than mature adults. Postural corrections and new movement patterns are easier to establish during childhood and adolescence. [40]
Prevents Progression:
Early detection of spinal conditions may prevent deterioration if caught early. Early intervention can halt progression and guide development in a healthier direction.
Establishes Healthy Habits:
Working with children to improve posture and movement creates awareness and habits that persist into adulthood, providing lifelong benefits.
Prevents Adult Problems:
Many adult spinal conditions have roots in childhood postural habits and developmental issues. Addressing these early can prevent decades of problems.
Practical Tips for Parents: Supporting Healthy Posture Daily
Beyond addressing specific risk factors, here are general strategies to support your child’s postural health:
Create a Movement-Friendly Environment
Limit Total Screen Time:
Follow age-appropriate guidelines:
- Ages 2-5: Maximum 1 hour/day of quality programming
- Ages 6+: Consistent limits based on family values, ensuring screen time doesn’t interfere with sleep, physical activity, and other healthy behaviours [41]
Encourage Active Play:
- Prioritise outdoor time daily when possible
- Make movement fun, not a chore
- Participate as a family
- Provide equipment and space for active play
Reduce Sedentary Time:
- Model active behavior yourself
- Stand and move during TV commercials
- Take family walks after dinner
- Make chores active (dance while cleaning!)
Build Awareness
Posture Check-Ins:
Gently remind children to:
- Sit up tall
- Bring screens to eye level
- Wear backpacks on both shoulders
- Take movement breaks
Use positive, encouraging language rather than nagging criticism.
Explain Why It Matters:
Help children understand:
- How their bodies work
- Why posture affects how they feel
- The connection between habits now and health later
Age-appropriate explanations increase agreement and self-monitoring.
Be a Role Model
Children learn more from what they see than what they’re told.
Demonstrate healthy habits:
- Maintain good posture yourself
- Be physically active
- Take movement breaks from your own screen time
- Show that you value health and wellbeing
Acknowledge your own challenges:
- “I notice I’m slouching; let’s both sit up taller.”
- “My neck is tired from my phone, I need a break.”
- “Let’s do some stretches together.”
This builds connection and makes healthy habits a family value rather than a rule imposed on children.
Make It Fun
Movement games:
- “Red light, green light” with distinct movements
- Obstacle courses using household items
- Dance parties
- Scavenger hunts that involve moving
Posture challenges:
- “Can you balance a beanbag on your head while sitting tall?”
- Family posture competitions (who can maintain good posture longest)
- Reward systems for remembering healthy habits
Creative exercises:
- Stretching like animals
- Yoga poses with fun names
- Movement stories (act out the story with movements)
Regular Check-Ins
Monthly backpack audits:
- Go through together
- Weigh the pack
- Remove unnecessary items
- Ensure proper fit and adjustments
Periodic desk/workstation reviews:
- Is the setup still appropriate as your child grows?
- Are they using it correctly?
- Does anything need adjustment?
Sleep position awareness:
- Talk about how they sleep
- Make pillow adjustments if needed
- Encourage trying better positions
The Long-Term Perspective: Investing in Lifelong Health
The postural habits and movement patterns established during childhood have profound long-term effects. While it’s never too late to make improvements, the foundation built during these crucial developmental years affects:
Adult Posture and Alignment:
Children who develop forward head posture, rounded shoulders, or other postural deviations often carry these patterns into adulthood, where they become more deeply ingrained and harder to correct. [42]
Spinal Health:
Early-onset postural stresses can contribute to speeding up spinal degeneration, increasing the risk of conditions like disc problems, arthritis, and chronic pain in middle age and beyond. [43]
Movement Quality:
The fundamental movement patterns learned in childhood form the basis for adult movement. Poor patterns established early can affect athletic performance, increase injury risk, and limit functional capacity throughout life.
Overall Wellbeing:
Physical activity habits formed in childhood predict adult activity levels. Active children are more likely to become active adults, with all the associated health benefits. [44]
By addressing postural concerns and encouraging healthy movement during childhood, you’re investing in your child’s lifelong health, comfort, and quality of life.
Taking Action: Protecting Your Child’s Spinal Health
Childhood is a window of opportunity. The developing spine is adaptable and responsive, making this the ideal time to establish healthy habits and address concerns before they become entrenched problems.
Remember:
- Small, consistent changes make a significant difference
- Focus on one or two changes at a time rather than trying to fix everything at once
- Make it positive and fun, not punitive or stressful
- Be patient—habit change takes time
- Model the behaviour you want to see
- Celebrate progress
If your child has posture concerns or persistent back or neck discomfort, seek guidance early to support healthy spinal habits.
Professional Support for Growing Spines
At Adam’s Back, we’re passionate about supporting healthy development in children and adolescents. Our approach combines:
Expert Assessment:
Comprehensive evaluation of posture, movement, and spinal health tailored to children’s unique needs.
Family Education:
We take time to explain findings in understandable terms and provide practical, realistic strategies families can implement at home.
Gentle, Effective Care:
When appropriate, we provide age-appropriate chiropractic care that’s gentle and tailored for growing bodies.
Ongoing Support:
As children grow, and their needs change, we provide continued guidance and adjustments to support optimal development.
Collaborative Approach:
We work with families, recognising that parents and caregivers are essential partners in supporting children’s health.
Contact Adam’s Back Today
If you have concerns about your child’s posture, they’re experiencing neck or back discomfort, or you simply want guidance on supporting healthy spinal development, we’re here to help.
📍 Adam’s Back
881 Point Nepean Road, Rosebud
📞 03 5986 5700
Visit adamsback.com.au to learn more about our services and book your appointment online.
The habits formed during childhood last a lifetime. Let us help you support your child’s healthy development, comfort, and wellbeing—starting today.
References:
1. Busscher I, Wapstra FH, Veldhuizen AG. Predicting growth and curve progression in the individual patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: design of a prospective longitudinal cohort study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:93.
2. Modi HN, Suh SW, Song HR, Yang JH. Differential wedging of vertebral body and intervertebral disc in thoracic and lumbar spine in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Yonsei Med J. 2008;49(2):346-352.
3. Mac-Thiong JM, Labelle H, Berthonnaud E, et al. Sagittal spinopelvic balance in normal children and adolescents. Eur Spine J. 2007;16(2):227-234.
4. Skaggs DL, Weidenbaum M, Iatridis JC, et al. Regional variation in tensile properties and biochemical composition of the human lumbar anulus fibrosus. Spine. 1994;19(12):1310-1319.
5. Schlösser TPC, Vincken KL, Rogers K, et al. Natural sagittal spino-pelvic alignment in boys and girls before, at and after the adolescent growth spurt. Eur Spine J. 2015;24(6):1158-1167.
6. Straker L, Burgess-Limerick R, Pollock C, et al. The impact of computer display height and desk design on 3D posture during information technology work by young adults. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2008;18(2):336-349.
7. Widhe T. Spine: posture, mobility and pain. A longitudinal study from childhood to adolescence. Eur Spine J. 2001;10(2):118-123.
8. Dolphens M, Cagnie B, Danneels L, et al. Long-term effectiveness of a back education programme in elementary schoolchildren: an 8-year follow-up study. Eur Spine J. 2011;20(12):2134-2142.
9. Grimmer K, Williams M, Gill T. The associations between adolescent head-on-neck posture, backpack weight, and anthropometric features. Spine. 1999;24(21):2262-2267.
10. Dockrell S, Simms C, Blake C. Schoolbag carriage and schoolbag-related musculoskeletal discomfort among primary school children. Appl Ergon. 2013;44(3):475-481.
11. Korakakis V, O’Sullivan K, O’Sullivan PB, et al. Physiotherapist perceptions of optimal sitting and standing posture. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2019;39:24-31.
12. Hansraj KK. Assessment of stresses in the cervical spine caused by posture and position of the head. Surg Technol Int. 2014;25:277-279.
13. Straker LM, Coleman J, Skoss R, et al. A comparison of posture and muscle activity during tablet computer, desktop computer and paper use by young children. Ergonomics. 2008;51(4):540-555.
14. David D, Giannini C, Chiarelli F, Mohn A. Text Neck Syndrome in Children and Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1565.
15. Gustafsson E, Thomée S, Grimby-Ekman A, Hagberg M. Texting on mobile phones and musculoskeletal disorders in young adults: A five-year cohort study. Appl Ergon. 2017;58:208-214.
16. Shan Z, Deng G, Li J, et al. Correlational analysis of neck/shoulder pain and low back pain with the use of digital products, physical activity and psychological status among adolescents in Shanghai. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e78109.
17. Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Hernández-Barrera V, Alonso-Blanco C, et al. Prevalence of neck and low back pain in community-dwelling adults in Spain: a population-based national study. Spine. 2011;36(3):E213-219.
18. American Academy of Pediatrics. Backpack Safety. Pediatrics. 2001;108(4):1053-1054.
19. Brackley HM, Stevenson JM. Are children’s backpack weight limits enough? A critical review of the relevant literature. Spine. 2004;29(19):2184-2190.
20. Dockrell S, Simms C, Blake C. Schoolbag weight limit: can it be defined? J Sch Health. 2013;83(5):368-377.
21. Neuschwander TB, Cutrone J, Macias BR, et al. The effect of backpacks on the lumbar spine in children: a standing magnetic resonance imaging study. Spine. 2010;35(1):83-88.
22. Siambanes D, Martinez JW, Butler EW, Haider T. Influence of school backpacks on adolescent back pain. J Pediatr Orthop. 2004;24(2):211-217.
23. Sheir-Neiss GI, Kruse RW, Rahman T, et al. The association of backpack use and back pain in adolescents. Spine. 2003;28(9):922-930.
24. Chansirinukor W, Wilson D, Grimmer K, Dansie B. Effects of backpacks on students: measurement of cervical and shoulder posture. Aust J Physiother. 2001;47(2):110-116.
25. Mackie HW, Legg SJ, Beadle J. Comparison of four different backpacks intended for school use. Appl Ergon. 2003;34(3):257-264.
26. Cai D, Franks PW, Knowles JW. Chronic insomnia and cardiometabolic health. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(19):2438-2448.
27. Gordon SJ, Grimmer-Somers KA, Trott PH. Sleep position, age, gender, sleep quality and waking cervico-thoracic symptoms. Internet J Allied Health Sci Pract. 2007;5(1):1-8.
28. Hibbs AE, Thompson KG, French D, et al. Optimizing performance by improving core stability and core strength. Sports Med. 2008;38(12):995-1008.
29. Hind K, Burrows M. Weight-bearing exercise and bone mineral accrual in children and adolescents: a review of controlled trials. Bone. 2007;40(1):14-27.
30. Specker B, Binkley T. Randomized trial of physical activity and calcium supplementation on bone mineral content in 3- to 5-year-old children. J Bone Miner Res. 2003;18(5):885-892.
31. Vanwanseele B, Eckstein F, Knecht H, et al. Knee cartilage of spinal cord-injured patients displays progressive thinning in the absence of normal joint loading and movement. Arthritis Rheum. 2002;46(8):2073-2078.
32. Riach CL, Starkes JL. Velocity of centre of pressure excursions as an indicator of postural control systems in children. Gait Posture. 1994;2(3):167-172.
33. Tremblay MS, LeBlanc AG, Kho ME, et al. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:98.
34. Chinapaw MJ, Proper KI, Brug J, et al. Relationship between young peoples’ sedentary behaviour and biomedical health indicators: a systematic review of prospective studies. Obes Rev. 2011;12(7):e621-632.
35. Janssen I, LeBlanc AG. Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-aged children and youth. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010;7:40.
36. Strong WB, Malina RM, Blimkie CJ, et al. Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. J Pediatr. 2005;146(6):732-737.
37. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(24):1451-1462.
38. Australian Government Department of Health. Physical Activity and Exercise Guidelines for All Australians.
39. Negrini S, Donzelli S, Aulisa AG, et al. 2016 SOSORT guidelines: orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth. Scoliosis Spinal Disord. 2018;13:3.
40. Stokes IA, Windisch L. Vertebral height growth predominates over intervertebral disc height growth in adolescents with scoliosis. Spine. 2006;31(14):1600-1604.
41. American Academy of Pediatrics. Media and Young Minds. Pediatrics. 2016;138(5):e20162591.
42. Damasceno LH, Catarin SR, Campos AD, Defino HL. Lumbar lordosis: a study of angle values and of vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs role. Acta Ortop Bras. 2006;14(4):193-198.
43. Kettler A, Rohlmann F, Ring C, et al. Do early stages of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration really cause instability? Evaluation of an in vitro database. Eur Spine J. 2011;20(4):578-584.
44. Telama R, Yang X, Leskinen E, et al. Tracking of physical activity from early childhood through youth into adulthood. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014;46(5):955-962.
This article is based on peer-reviewed research and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Information purposes only. Please seek professional health practitioner advice regarding your personal requirements.


Comments are closed